debater 外国人不能理解的中国脱贫，这些评论都亮了！ | 老外看中国

专栏 | 老外看中国

铁血军事特色栏目，带你了解老外网友对国际大事的看法。一起来看不同文化熏陶下的各国网友究竟会发生怎样的思想碰撞。

据世界银行数据显示：

从１９７８年至２０１8年间，中国的实际人均收入增长了23倍，极端贫困发生率，从１９８１年的超过８０％大幅下降至２０１8年的不足2％，截止2018年底，中国使7亿多人口摆脱了贫困。

毫无疑问，即使放到整个人类发展史上来看，中国的“脱贫成就”也是史无前例的！

世界各国普遍认为：

中国扶贫所取得的成就深刻影响着国际社会，既直接对全球减贫和经济增长做出数量贡献，也为发展中国家甚至整个世界提供了一种可资借鉴的经验，是人类社会发展规律的成功探索！

但是，对于获得国家社会高度评价的“中国经验”，一般的外国网友们，又是如何看待的？

1、Bill

“if you want to get rich, build roads first”.This was a popular slogan that was introduced in the early 1980s. Almost every Chinese has internalized this as a key national strategy towards prosperity and a better life.

“要想富，先修路”这是上世纪80年代初推出的一个流行口号，几乎每个中国人都将其内化为实现繁荣和改善生活的关键国家战略。

China has held firm to the belief that if you connect people, wealth will naturally flow downstream and create virtuous cycles of opportunity. In engineering parlance, we call such a system positive feedback.

中国坚信，如果你把人联系起来，财富自然会流向下游，创造良性的机会循环。用工程术语来说，我们称这种系统为正反馈。

China connected in stages, starting from the coast. As she grew richer, she took on ever more ambitious projects in the challenging interior, from cutting through mountains, to pning deep valleys, to bridging huge rivers. China already occupy many of the world’s top 10 records for the highest/longest bridge/tunnel/rail etc.

中国从海岸开始，分阶段连接。随着她越来越富有，她在富有挑战性的内陆地区承担了越来越雄心勃勃的项目，从切割山脉，跨越深谷，到架起大河。中国已经占据了世界十大最高/最长桥梁/隧道/铁路等记录中的许多。

Once the connections arrive, modernization begins in the various cities, towns and villages served by the transport system. Villagers are given land and modern houses built as like-for-like replacements. Life is so good in some rural areas residents are reluctant to change their hukou for the city.

一旦连接到达，交通系统服务的各个城市、城镇和村庄开始现代化。村民们得到了土地和像这样建造的现代化的房屋。生活是如此美好，在一些农村地区，居民不愿意改变他们的户口为城市。

This is what has happened over and over again throughout China over the past 4 decades. The development was necessarily staged, because of the continental size and the abject low base she started from.

这就是过去40年来中国发生的一次又一次的事情。由于大陆的规模和她开始时的低洼的基础，发展必然是分阶段进行的。

How did China eradicate so much poverty? She made money and spent it on the poor in a clever and efficient manner.

中国是如何消除这么多贫困的？她不断赚钱，并以聪明而有效率的方式把钱花在穷人身上。

In other words, she pumped trillions to fill the gaping hole caused by poverty, and there is a ways to go before the poorest inland provinces reach parity with the coast.

换句话说，她抽了数万亿的“水”来填补贫困造成的巨大缺口，在最贫穷的内陆省份与沿海省份达到同等水平之前，还有一条路要走。

I applaud the Chinese for their insistence on a Chinese interpretation of human rights focused on maximum community benefit.

我赞赏中国人坚持中国人对人权的解释，强调最大限度的社会利益。

Note: I had a friend ask if the Chinese are being extravagant building all these beautiful bridges and tunnels in challenging topography. The answer is no. The Chinese are trying to connect as many people as possible by equalizing geographical disadvantage.

注：我有一个朋友问我，中国人是不是在发达地区建造这些美丽的桥梁和隧道，而在具有挑战性的地形。答案是否定的。中国人正试图通过平衡地理上的劣势来尽可能多地联系人们。

2、Tom McGregor

Beijing has achieved remarkable results helping hundreds of millions of Chinese citizens to escape from dire poverty to lead more rewarding and productive lives ever since the late Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping had introduced the reform and opening up policy over 40 years ago. The new policy had urged all Chinese to take responsibility for themselves and to embrace more free market principles.

中国取得了显著的成就，北京让大量中国人脱离了极度贫困，过上了更好的生活，这归功于40年前邓小平的改革开放。邓小平的新政策敦促中国人为自己负起责任，拥抱更加自由的市场原则。

Hence, the Chinese could transform their lives by working hard, assuming financial risks and taking control over their own fates. Farmers began to boost agriculture supply so the citizens had plenty to eat while food prices stayed at relatively low prices.

所以中国人通过努力工作，承担经济风险以及掌控自己命运的方式改变了自己的生活。农民开始增加农业供应，这样居民就有了足够的食物，同时食物保持较低的价格。

Many families migrated to the cities after the domestic manufacturing started booming after the launch of FTZ’s , a policy that offered subsidies and tax breaks for companies building factories, warehouses, and offices at designated zones.More and more Chinese cities started popping up on account of FTZs and an upsurge of foreign direct investments . You had hundreds of millions of migrants moving to Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, Chongqing, Xi’an, Wuhan, Hangzhou, Xiamen, and so many other metropolitan areas in the country.

建立自由贸易区后，中国的国内制造业开始兴起，于是很多农家开始搬迁到这些大城市。越来越多的中国城市开始设立自由贸易区，同时大量的外国直接投资进入中国。大量的农民工来到北京，上海，深圳，重庆，西安，武汉，杭州，厦门等等大都市。

China’s bold urbanization strategy had attracted many migrants in search of higher paying jobs and opportunities. The nation’s education system stood paramount as children from poor families still could make themselves richer if they studied hard and scored high on college entrance exams.

中国大胆的城市化政策吸引来了很多想要获得更高收入的农民工。中国的教育体统是至关重要的，因为只要努力学习并且取得优秀的高考成绩，贫穷家庭的孩子依然有机会改变自己的命运。

And in recent years, Beijing has built huge infrastructure and trying to to improve living standards in the rural regions, since many Chinese cities have reached full development and migrants may wish to return to their rural hometowns. Poor farming villages are getting renovated into more prosperous towns and cities.

最近几年，中国还建设了大型基建，想要提升农村地区的生活水平，因为很多中国城市的发展已经饱和，农民工想要回到自己的农村老家。贫穷的农村正在接受改造，变成了更加繁荣的城镇和城市。

To eradicate poverty completely in China, Beijing has to implement a balanced regional development policy and Chinese President Xi Jinping has taken charge of those plans. Rural development has become much more crucial to China’s success story.

为了完全消灭贫穷，中国必须实施一个平衡的区域发展政策，而这些政策由中国领导人来把持。农村的发展对于中国的成功起到更加重要的作用。

So let’s a closer look at how President Xi has championed rural development by reviewing an Meanwhile, we can take a closer look at the real results of China’s poverty eradication projects. The World Bank claims that from 1981 to 2015, over 850 million Chinese citizens have risen above poverty levels.

我们来看看中国扶贫工作产生了什么样的成果。世界银行称从1981年到2015年间，超过8.5亿中国公民脱离了贫困线。

That’s a huge number. For example the US population is 327 million; Indonesia - 264 million and Brazil - 209 million. By combining the populations of these three countries the total is at around 800+ million. Accordingly, more Chinese escaped poverty than all people living in the US, Brazil and Indonesia combined.

这是一个巨大的数字。作为比较，美国人口才3.27亿；印尼人口2.64亿，巴西人口2.09亿。把这三个国家的人口加起来才差不多8亿多。也就是说中国的脱贫人口超过的这三个国家人口的总和。

Nevertheless, Beijing continues marching ahead and hopes all Chinese can rise above the poverty level. The nation’s population is at around 1.4 billion so to make that happen is no small feat. China deserves greater recognition for eliminating the scourge of poverty nationwide.

然而，中国还要继续向前，希望所有中国人都能够脱离贫穷。中国人口大约14亿，所以要实现这个目标可不是一件容易的事情。中国的脱贫成就应该得到更广泛的认可。

3、Muhammed Borhanuddin

An Indian man, Dashrath Manjhi, made a history. He shortened a travel of 55 to 15 km by carving a 110-meter way through a hillock using a hammer and chisel by himself alone, simply for his villagers not to die on the way to hospitals in case of emergency. He took 22 years to accomplish this work.

一名叫“达什拉特曼吉”的印度男子，创造了历史。他自己一人靠着一把锤子和一把凿子在一个小山丘上凿开了一段150米长的山路，将原本55公里长的路程缩短到了15公里，只是为了防止自己的村民在面临紧急情况时不要死在去医院的路上。他花了22年时间才完成了这个壮举。

Sincere efforts can make impossible things possible for life，That's the secret of China's success.

真诚的付出可以让不可能变成可能，这就是中国成功的秘诀。

The Chinese have accomplished the great job simply by a politically unbiased willingness and by their sincere and tireless efforts.China under the communist governments has successfully reduced an amount of poverty and in a period of time that no other nation could imagine, let alone had ever accomplished.

中国人通过毫无偏见的政治意愿和真诚不懈的努力实现了壮举。在共产党的带领下，中国成功大量脱贫，而且用了这么短的时间，这是所有其他国家不可想象的，也是其他国家从未实现过的。

They broke through every barrier along that journey, which we may think possible or impossible, ethical or unethical.How have they done this?

在这个过程中，中国人克服了所有的障碍，不论我们觉得可能或不可能，道德或不道德。他们是如何实现这一点的？

They have made a united national effort and have poured billions of dollars into those efforts to bridge the impoverished and the well-off—spread the economic achievements through a progressive nationwide infrastructure.

他们上下一致，团结统一，投入了巨大的资金，将贫穷和富裕的地区连接起来，通过建设全国性的基建来实现各个地区的共同发展。

They have forced the impoverished rural people to relocate to where they could make a better earning and thereby a better living.

他们发动贫困的农村人民迁移到他们能挣到更好的收入，从而获得更好的生活的地方。

They have trained the backward people how to work better toward that goal— sometimes in measures that many outsiders like us viewed as human rights violations.

他们培训落后的人们，如何更好地朝着这个目标工作——有时在许多像我们这样的局外人看来，这是侵犯人权的措施。

But the Chinese have adamantly thrown away those accusations and pushed them forward. Eventually they are close to what they envisioned。

但是，中国人坚决地抛弃了这些指控，并将它们推向前进。最终，他们接近于他们的设想。

One does not need a lot of things to change the fate, but prudence, and a gut and a consistent perseverance. China that has once again ascended after a long stride to becoming the world’s second biggest economy in the p of just a few decades is about to prove it in the lifep of the current generation.

相较于一味的索求“机会”，谨慎，胆量和坚持不懈的毅力，才最能改变命运！在短短几十年的时间里，中国崛起成为世界第二大经济体，一代人用自己的人生缔造了这一点。

I do not think anything can hold it back.

我认为没有什么可以阻挡中国前进的脚步。

4、Marcus Depaul

The romantic take is that great planning, insight, infrastructure etc. from the government pulled China out of poverty. I beg to disagree.

一般的看法是中国的规划，远见和基建等等帮助中国脱了贫。但是我不赞同这种看法。

For most of recorded history the Chinese culture has been at the forefront of human development. Up to the 18th Century it was the wealtiest nation on Earth and looked down on the British Empire considering it inferior.

在中国的大部分历史时期里，中国一直处于人类发展的最前沿。直到18世纪，中国还是地球上最富裕的国家，看不起大英帝国，认为英国人是劣等的。

Also the infamous Opium Wars, on which the CCP blames most of its sorrows did actually little to displace it from being one of the wealthiest societies.

即使是中国所责备的鸦片战争也没有动摇中国作为世界上最富裕国家的地位。

Then came the revolutions and Japanese occupation, both of which nearly halted the Chinese growth rate. But then, came the CCP and the gret leap “backwards”, which has trown the country into absolute misery. That is when most of China′s abject powerty has been created.

然后发生了辛亥革命和日本占领，二者几乎停止了中国的发展。也就是在这个时候中国产生了最多的赤贫人口。

So what were these great reforms all about? They simply removed the self imposed restrictions to trade, entrepreneurship and capitalist economic practices.

那么中国的这些伟大改革都涉及什么内容？不过就是解除之前强加在自己身上的一些限制。

I think this is probably the power of civilization. When I first came into contact with the history of China, I thought that such a nation would not miss any wonderful moment of human development.

我认为这可能是文明的力量。当我第一次接触到中国的历史时，我认为这样一个国家不会错过人类发展的任何美好时刻。

当然，相较于“经验的总结”，国外网友还对各自国家的发展，提出了针对性的建议和批判：

1、SS R16 hours ago

Due to discipline dedication and nation first. With India is also possible to win over poverty if we adopt democracy with discipline and India first. Just see our parliament and the pandemonium. Here we all know what we do.

关键在于中国人把纪律 奉献精神 和国家利益摆在首位。如果我们采用民主的同时兼顾纪律和国家优先，那么印度也可以战胜贫困。看看我们我们的议会有多么混乱，我们就知道应该怎么做了。。

2、Prisoner

In the west, poverty is not regarded as a human rights violation whereas in Chinese thinking fixing it has the first priority.

在西方，贫穷不被视为侵犯人权，而在中国人看来，解决贫困问题是第一要务。

3、Vivian Foster

The one advantage culturally China has overwestern culture is this sheer determination to get an educated. They know thisis their only way out of poverty. Theyvalue education. These kids walk 5 kilometers, one way to school, in that kindof mountainous terrain.

中国文化对西方文化的一个优势就是对获得教育的决心。他们知道这是摆脱贫困的唯一途径。他们重视教育。在一些山区地形中，有些孩子步行5公里上学。

4、Master Debater

This is why China is going to surpass theUS sooner than expected. Even the poorest of the poorest Chinese people don'twhine and blame the government or foreigners for their circumstances; theysimply work hard and do the best with what they have. Amazing culture.

这就是为什么中国要比预期的更快地超越美国的原因。即使是最贫穷的中国人，也不会因为他们的境遇抱怨和责怪政府或外国人；他们只是努力工作，尽力做到最好。惊人的文化。

5、Brij Y13792

For Chinese nation comes first they dont compromise with that aspect. Religion rights etc etc comes second. That may be tougher rule but majority gets benefited.

中国人始终将国家放在第一位，这方面他们是不会妥协的。宗教权利居次要地位。这或许有点强制，但是大部分人从中获益。

6、Amir Khan

First thing to build is populations education, health and character.You did that successfully in a quick time and my motherland, Afghanistan, still retains the ancient witchcraft of the 12th century!

第一件事就是人口的教育，卫生和个性。中国在短时间内成功实现了这一点。我的祖国，阿富汗，仍然保留着12世纪的古老巫术！

7、Jose Fernando Carli

Never thought of massive engineering works as “equalizing geographical disadvantage”. This opened my mind to new thoughts, and forces me to review previous ideas of waste of money for such large projects for which is not much demand in the immediate future.

从未没想过超级工程是为了：克服地理劣势”。这确实令我大开眼界。我以前总认为建设近期内都不需要的大型工程就是浪费钱，看来我得重新审视这种想法了。

But it pains me. In my hometown of Bordeaux, France, it's just fantasy. Politicians are always eager to please voters. Our government is weak and can only say one word: save money!

但我很痛苦。在我的家乡法国波尔多，这只是幻想。政治家们总是渴望取悦选民。我们的政府很软弱，只能说一句话：省钱！

8、Pritish

Some people say that it's a waste for Chinese people to spend a lot of money to build bridges and roads every year, but in my opinion, the United States spends trillions of dollars every year to throw bombs on the Gobi beach thousands of miles away, which is a real waste!

有人说，中国人每年花很多钱修建桥梁和道路是浪费，但在我看来，美国每年花费数万亿美元在几千英里外的戈壁滩上投掷炸弹，这才是真是浪费！

As an American, I want us to stop the war!

作为一个美国人，我希望我们停止战争！

不可否认，美国网友“Pritish”的回答可谓触动人心。

在世界贫困形式依旧严峻，无数饥民食不果腹的同时，作为世界唯一超级大国的美国非但没有为人类解决温饱做出丝毫贡献，反倒将足够喂养亿万饥民的巨资，化作炸弹投掷到不幸人的头上！

正如其评论所说的那样：

有人说，中国人每年花很多钱修建桥梁和道路是浪费，但在我看来，美国每年花费数万亿美元在几千英里外的戈壁滩上投掷炸弹，这才是真是浪费！

何其悲哀？

一个美国人的问题：为啥二十年前我们要放过中国？二十年前，如果你问一个美国人，未来中国会对美国的霸权带来影响，他一定觉得你疯了。但如今，已经有美国人开始疑问：为啥二十年前我们要放过中国？美国为什么如今会担忧中国？二十年前，真的是美国放过中国？关注铁血军事，回复“二十”，收看细节。

铁血军事，不打官腔，态度鲜明，客观理性。